Retrieving Information from Active Directory with Dsquery and Dsget Retrieving Information from Active Directory with Dsquery and Dsget. Dsquery and dsget are powerful commands you can use to retrieve information from Active Directory. This article first shows you how to build a distinguished name DN and then how to use the DN within these commands. This article shows you how you can use dsquery and dsget to retrieve lists of users, computers, groups, inactive accounts, disabled accounts, accounts with stale passwords, and group memberships. From the author of Dsquery and dsget are powerful commands you can use to retrieve information from Active Directory. For example, you can use them to retrieve a list of users, groups, inactive accounts, accounts with stale passwords, disabled accounts, group memberships, and more. Member Of Active Directory Query Inactive Computers' title='Member Of Active Directory Query Inactive Computers' />The basic syntax of dsquery and dsget is as follows dsquery object DN switch. DN switch. There are several different types of Active Directory objects you can query, but for this topic, Im limiting the discussion to users, computers, and groups. The distinguished name DN is a critical component of the command so its important to be able to build a DN for different objects. If you can build a DN, you can use this knowledge with several directory service DS commands including dsquery, dsget, dsmod, dsmove, and dsrm. Dsquery and dsget both supports many different switches and this article shows the usage for the inactive, disabled, stalepwd, members, and memberof switches. Building Distinguished Names. Every object within Active Directory Domain Services AD DS is uniquely identified with a DN. 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The target audience is a current NT professional. You can use the DN to identify the domain, an Organizational Unit OU within the domain, and any object within the domain. The three primary identifiers used in DNs with DS commands are. OUOrganizational Unit. CNCommon Name. CN can indicate an object such as a user, computer, or group. It can also identify non OU containers such as the Users and Computers containers. DCDomain Component Each part of the domain component is identified with separate DC identifiers. For example, a domain named pearson. These three domain components are separated like this in the DN DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcom. However, if the DN is listed like this DCpearson. For example, Figure. Active Directory Users and Computers ADUC from a domain named pearson. A user from the North OU within the Sales OU is selected. Here are a few sample DNs for objects in the figure Domain DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcomSales OU OUSales, DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcom South OU OUSouth, OUSales, DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcomGNorth. Sales. Admins group CNGNorth. Sales. Admins, OUSouth, OUSales, DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcomDarril. Gibson user account CNDarril. Gibson, OUSouth, OUSales, DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcomThere are a couple of points worth emphasizing on the DNs. While Ive used camel casing capitalizing the first word for readability in some of these examples, the DNs are not case sensitive. You can enter them in any mixture of upper and lower case desired. Also, if there are any spaces within the DN, you must enclose the DN in quotes. I tend to use quotes all the time even the DN doesnt have a space to prevent accidental errors. Look at the South OU in the figure. Notice that the South OU is farther away from the pearson. Sales OU. It also farther away from the domain name in the DN. A common mistake is to create the DN this way OU Sales, OUSouth, DCpearson, DCitcertification, DCcom. However, the Sales OU is not within the South OU, so this will fail. The lowest level child OUs are listed first in the DN, followed by their parents. If you can build the DN, you can easily master any of the commands in this article by substituting the DN for your environment. Retrieve a List of Groups. The basic syntax to retrieve a list of groups is Dsquery group DNFor example, the following command retrieves a list of all groups in the Sales OU and any groups in child OUs C dsquery group ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom. CNGSales,OUSales,DCpearson,DCitcertification,DCcom. CNGSales. Admins,OUSales,DCpearson,DCitcertification,DCcom. CNGNorth. Sales. Admins,OUSouth,OUSales,DCpearson,DCitcertification,DCcomNotice the output includes groups in the Sales OU and a group I the South OU a child of Sales. If you want to omit groups in the child OUs from the output, you can add the scope onelevel switch. This command retrieves a list of the groups in the Sales OU only. C dsquery group ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom scope onelevel. CNGSales,OUSales,DCpearson,DCitcertification,DCcom. CNGSales. Admins,OUSales,DCpearson,DCitcertification,DCcomIf you want to capture the output of any of these commands in a text file, you can use the redirect symbol. For example, this command sends the output to a file named group. C dsquery group ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom group. List Group Membership for Groups and Users. You can use dsget to retrieve a list of members for a group. The basic syntax is. Dsget group DN members. For example, this command retrieves a list of members for the Domain Admins group C dsget group cnDomain Admins,cnusers,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom members While the output of this command is valuable, you may want more. Many of the members listed will be groups, but the members of these groups arent included in the output. If you want to get a full listing of users and groups that are either direct or indirect members of the Domain Admins group, you can use the expand switch like this C dsget group cnDomain Admins,cnusers,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom members expand. You can also use the dsget command to identify group membership for a specific user using the memberof and expand switches. For example, this command shows the group membership for a user named Sally C dsget user cnSally,ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom memberof. Figure. 2 shows the properties of Sallys user account with the Member Of tab selected. This is the same information youll see from the previous command. Figure 2 User group membership shown in ADUCHowever, you cant easily see the whole picture from ADUC. Is the GSales group in any other groups Is the GSales. Admins group in any other groups Sure, you could click through each of these groups to determine group membership. A simpler way is with the expand switch, like this C dsget user cnSally,ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom memberof expand. Retrieve a List of Users. If you want to get a list of users, you can use the dsqueryuser command. The basic syntax is Dsquery user DN switch. Mayan Prophecies Ship Of Spirits Collectors Edition Walkthrough. For example, the following command retrieves a list of users in the domain, and redirects the output to a text file named users. C dsquery user dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom users. If you want to retrieve a list of users within a specific OU, you can use the scope switch to limit the output like this C dsquery user ousales,dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom scope onelevel. Identify Inactive Accounts. The dsquery command includes an inactive switch you can use to identify inactive accounts, or accounts that havent been logged onto for a specific number of weeks. The inactive switch accepts an integer as a number of weeks. For example, the following commands identify users and computers that have not been logged onto in the past four weeks C dsquery user dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom inactive 4. C dsquery computer dcpearson,dcitcertification,dccom inactive 4. While these commands are valuable on their own, you can also use pipelining to take action on the results. For example, many administrators want to disable inactive accounts.